Master cultivation and water‑fertilizer management to help you grow high‑quality potatoes!
Release Date:
2021-02-19
About 20 days before planting, select tubers that are brightly colored, smooth, and of moderate size as seed potatoes, discarding any that are diseased or infested, deformed, cracked, or pointed at the tip. Each seed potato should weigh between 50 and 100 grams, with an application rate of approximately 125 kilograms per mu.
2. Cut into pieces
Cutting seed potatoes into pieces and inducing sprouting can advance emergence by 7–10 days and increase yield by approximately 15%. Before cutting, expose the seed potatoes to sunlight for 2–3 days, and disinfect the cutting knife with 75% alcohol or a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution. Typically, each piece should weigh no less than 20–25 grams and bear 1–2 eyes; cuts should be made into uniform blocks, with ample potato flesh retained.
Place the cut potato pieces in a 1–1.5 mg/L solution of “Jiu’erling” for 3–5 minutes. After soaking and allowing them to air‑dry, transfer them to the seedbed for sprouting; during this stage, you may use indoor conditions, a warm bed, a greenhouse, or cover with plastic film, among other methods.
4. Sowing
The optimal temperature for the initiation of potato root growth is 4–5°C; sowing under cool conditions promotes the development of roots before stems and leaves. Therefore, potatoes can be planted somewhat earlier.
Sowing method
Three‑layer mulch should be applied for sowing in early to mid-January, double‑layer mulch in early February, and single‑layer mulch in late February.
Plant in single rows, with row spacing of 70 cm and plant spacing of 15–16 cm; mound height should be 15–20 cm (do not exceed 20 cm, as heights above 20 cm can lead to soil temperatures exceeding the optimal range for potato tuber enlargement). For wide–narrow row planting, maintain a row spacing of 80 cm, a mound height of 15–20 cm, and a ridge top width of 40 cm; plant spacing remains 15–16 cm, resulting in approximately 5,500 plants per mu. Before sowing, first dig furrows about 10 cm deep, irrigate thoroughly, and sow once the water has fully soaked in, placing the sprouts facing upward. Finally, cover the seeds with soil to seal the furrows.
Potatoes have a short growing period and a compact plant architecture, making them well suited for intercropping and relay cropping. Options such as “potato + cotton,” “potato + watermelon (or melon),” “potato + cotton + watermelon (or melon),” and “potato + corn + oyster mushroom” can be employed, thereby increasing the multiple-cropping index and enhancing economic returns.
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