Bio-fertilizer Manufacturer: Summary of Controlled-Release Fertilizer Characteristics
Release Date:
2019-11-16
We all know that crops require fertilization, and there are many types of fertilizers. So what are the key characteristics of controlled-release fertilizers? Below, a biofertilizer manufacturer summarizes their features—let’s take a look.
Summary of the Characteristics of Controlled-Release Fertilizers by Biofertilizer Manufacturers
We all know that crops require fertilization, and there are many types of fertilizers. So what are the characteristics of controlled-release fertilizers? Below… Biofertilizer manufacturer We will summarize the characteristics of controlled-release fertilizers and take a look together.
Controlled-release fertilizer is a type of fertilizer coated with a polymer. The micropores in this coating typically measure only a few hundred nanometers, making it impermeable to liquid water; water can enter the coating only in the form of individual water molecules. Consequently, while water molecules can freely pass through the coating, the fertilizer granules remain completely isolated from the external environment, and nutrients are released via osmotic pressure across the membrane. Thus, the rate of nutrient release depends solely on the mobility of water molecules and the size of the coating’s micropores. Once such a fertilizer is applied to the soil, its release kinetics are governed exclusively by the movement of water molecules, which in turn is influenced by temperature. Factors such as soil microorganisms and pH have no effect on the release behavior of controlled-release fertilizers.
When conventional fertilizers are applied to the soil, their rapid release in the early stages leads to nutrient excess. Plants cannot fully absorb these nutrients within a short period, resulting in substantial accumulation in the soil—where they may volatilize, be leached away by rainfall, percolate into groundwater, or become immobilized in the soil. Consequently, the average fertilizer use efficiency is only about 35%, while nutrient deficiencies emerge in the later growth stages.
In essence, controlled-release fertilizers conserve nutrients that would otherwise remain unavailable in the early stages and make them available to plants over time, while minimizing leaching, microbial decomposition, and soil fixation. This ensures a steady, gradual supply of nutrients, much like feeding the plant bit by bit. As a result, fertilizer use efficiency can reach around 70%, and when applied close to the roots, it can exceed 80%. This is precisely why crops treated with controlled-release fertilizers exhibit such vigorous growth.
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