Biofertilizer Manufacturer: What Are the Key Considerations for Soil Improvement?

Biofertilizer Manufacturer: What Are the Key Considerations for Soil Improvement?

Soil improvement is a crucial aspect of agriculture, yet it is not a problem that can be solved overnight; it requires a gradual, step-by-step approach. Moreover, soil remediation should not be undertaken haphazardly—it calls for a systematic methodology, with numerous details demanding our careful attention. Today… Biofertilizer manufacturer Let me share with you some key considerations for soil improvement.

I. Objectives of Soil Improvement

Increases soil organic matter content to prevent compaction, boosts the population of beneficial microorganisms while suppressing harmful ones, adjusts soil pH to a neutral level, adsorbs heavy metals, enhances low-temperature performance, improves soil physical properties, and elevates soil fertility as well as its water- and nutrient-retention capacities.

II. The Process of Soil Improvement

1. Soil Conservation Stage: During this stage, engineering or biological measures are implemented to keep soil loss within the permissible threshold. If soil loss remains uncontrolled, soil improvement cannot proceed. For cultivated soils, the first priority is to carry out basic farmland infrastructure development.

2. Soil Improvement Stage: The objective of this stage is to increase the soil’s organic matter and nutrient content, enhance its physical properties, and boost its fertility. The primary measures include planting leguminous green manure crops or applying ample farmyard manure. When the soil is excessively sandy or clayey, a mixture of sand and clay can be used to improve its texture. In the acidic red‑yellow soils of southern China, eroded soils are severely deficient in phosphorus; therefore, phosphate fertilizer must be applied when using green manure crops for soil improvement.

Note: One of the objectives of increasing organic matter in the soil is to cultivate and enhance the population of beneficial microorganisms. These beneficial microbes improve soil aeration, promote soil looseness, and help reduce the immobilization of phosphorus in the soil.

III. Soil Improvement Methods

1. Implement planned crop rotation:

Arrange different vegetable crops appropriately, taking into account their botanical families, root depth, nutrient uptake patterns, and the pH of their exudates.

2. Conduct regular soil disinfection:

(1) Chemical treatment. Soil can be treated with formalin, or fumigation with sulfur powder can be used for sterilization.

(2) Solarization. During the fallow period in summer, remove the greenhouse film, deeply till the soil, and use the ultraviolet rays of sunlight to disinfect the soil.

(3) High-temperature method. During the hot season, after irrigating, the greenhouse can be sealed; alternatively, soil can be treated with heated steam to kill pests and eliminate pathogens.

(4) Freezing method. During severe winter cold, after removing the mulch from unused protected cultivation areas, deeply till the soil to freeze and kill pest and pathogen eggs.

3. Improve soil texture:

(1) After harvesting vegetables, deeply till the soil to thoroughly mix the surface and subsoil.

(2) Apply an appropriate amount of well-rotted organic fertilizer to increase the soil’s organic matter content.

(3) For soils with excessively high surface salinity or low pH, fertile soil may be used as a replacement.

(4) Where economic and technical conditions permit, soilless cultivation may be implemented.

4. Desalination by water:

(1) During fallow periods, apply heavy irrigation to leach down the salt accumulated in the surface soil, thereby reducing the soil solution’s salinity.

(2) During the summer vegetable rotation gap, remove the plastic mulch and allow rainfall or apply flood irrigation to leach soil‑surface salts into deeper soil layers.

5. Scientific Fertilization:

First, use chemical fertilizers appropriately.

Reasonable: What does “reasonable” mean, and what constitutes reasonable practice? Ultimately, how much fertilizer is truly optimal? I doubt anyone can say with 100% certainty.

When applying chemical fertilizers, it is important to tailor the application to the soil and crop’s nutrient deficiencies—supplement what is lacking and in the appropriate quantity. Avoid over-fertilizing simply to boost yields. Ideally, conduct soil testing to guide fertilizer application, enabling a more precise balance of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.

Second, increase the application of organic fertilizers.

Soil fertility depends largely on its organic matter content, and the application of organic fertilizers helps replenish this organic matter. Organic fertilizers are rich in organic substances and provide an ideal habitat for the growth and reproduction of diverse microorganisms. Studies have shown that deep tillage combined with the use of organic fertilizers can nearly double the population of nitrogen-fixing bacteria and almost double that of fiber-degrading bacteria, while other microbial communities also increase significantly. Consequently, applying organic fertilizers greatly accelerates the maturation process of newly reclaimed land. Organic fertilizers possess a strong cation-exchange capacity, enabling them to adsorb greater amounts of nutrients such as potassium, ammonium, magnesium, and zinc, thereby reducing leaching losses and enhancing the soil’s ability to retain nutrients. Moreover, organic fertilizers exhibit robust buffering capacity, helping to mitigate changes in soil pH and prevent compaction caused by the long-term use of chemical fertilizers. They also improve the soil’s intrinsic stress resistance, ensuring a healthy and sustainable soil ecosystem.

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