Pre-sowing preparation for rice cultivation

1. Select an appropriate rice variety
High-quality rice varieties are characterized by superior grain quality, excellent taste, high yields, and strong resistance to adverse conditions. Selecting the right rice cultivar is the foundation for achieving abundant harvests. During the selection process, prioritize superior varieties with robust disease resistance and seed coatings, while also taking local environmental conditions into account to choose rice types that are well‑suited to the specific region, thereby enhancing overall yield.
2. Improve seedling cultivation practices
In seedling cultivation, several key steps are involved—germination testing, sun‑drying, seed selection, soaking, disinfection, germination promotion, and nursery raising—and each must be carefully implemented and refined. At the same time, it is essential to rigorously select appropriate sites and specifications for nursery operations to ensure the successful completion of seedling‑raising tasks.
3. Select an appropriate time for sowing.
Choosing the right planting time lays the foundation for high rice yields; in particular, the length of the seedling age has a significant impact on developing robust seedlings and on the subsequent growth of the rice after transplanting.
4. Select an appropriate transplanting time
During cultivation, it is essential to effectively manage seedling age and promote “milk‑seedling transplanting.” The optimal seedling age should not exceed 40 days. When raising seedlings, select those with three or more tillers, as such seedlings develop stronger roots, recover green growth more rapidly, are less prone to leaf dieback, exhibit vigorous growth, and can better accumulate nutrients, thereby contributing to high rice yields.
5. Reasonably select rice transplanting standards.
During rice transplanting, it is essential to select appropriate planting standards; when choosing varieties with strong tillering ability, the planting density should be appropriately reduced. Ensure a planting density of 15,000–16,000 hills per mu, with 4–6 tillers per hill, resulting in 80,000–90,000 basic tillers per mu.
In practical cultivation, a wide‑row, narrow‑plant spacing method can be employed, typically maintaining row spacing of 25–30 cm and plant spacing of 13–16 cm. Depending on the specific conditions, row spacing may be widened and plant spacing narrowed, while ensuring adequate ventilation and light penetration and effectively managing pests and diseases.